Cased book using end sheets bound with plastic retainers

ABSTRACT

An end sheet, which may be reinforced with fabric, paper or other material, is bound along with the pages of the book and the corresponding end sheet for the opposite end of the book by means of plastic strip retainers as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,730,560. The end sheet is secured to the inside of the cover of the case by adhesive. In preferred forms of the invention, at least one portion of the end sheet extends from under the spine edge of the plastic strip and folds outside the outer surface of the strip. In this form, the cover lies flat when opened. In other preferred forms, the end sheet extends from under the plastic strip in both directions.

United States Patent [191 Abildgaard et al.

[ 1 CASED BOOK USING END SHEETS BOUND WITH PLASTIC RETAINERS [75]Inventors: William H. Abildgaard; Charles T.

Groswith, 111, both of Los Altos, Calif.

[73] Assignee: Velco-Bind, Inc., Sunnyvale, Calif.

[22] Filed: July 23, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 381,418

Related US. Application Data [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No.146,648, May 25,

1971, Pat. No. 3,749,423.

[52] US. Cl. 281/21 [51] Int. Cl. B42d 1/00 [58] Field of Search281/21-29; 11/1, 3, 4

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,972,672 9/1934 Alger281/21 R X 3,135,531 6/1964 Rankin 281/21 R X 3,730,560 5/1973Abildgaard et a1. 281/21 R [4 Sept. 10,1974

3,749,422 7/1973 Abildgaard et al. 281/2 R FOREIGN PATENTS ORAPPLICATIONS 427,744 4/1935 Great Britain 281/21 PrimaryExaminerLawrence Charles Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Julian Caplan 5 7]ABSTRACT An end sheet, which may be reinforced with fabric, paper orother material, is bound along with the pages of the book and thecorresponding end sheet for the opposite end of the book by means ofplastic strip retainers as disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,730,560. The endsheet is secured to the inside of the cover of the case by adhesive. Inpreferred forms of the invention, at least one portion of the end sheetextends from under the spine edge of the plastic strip and folds outsidethe outer surface of the strip. In this form, the cover lies flat whenopened. In other preferred forms, the end sheet extends from under theplastic strip in both directions.

17 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures CASED BOOK USING END SHEETS BOUND WITHPLASTIC RETAINERS This application is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No.146,648, filed May 25, 1971, now US. Pat. No. 3,749,423 issued July 31,1973.

This invention relates to a new and improved book using end sheets boundwith plastic retainers and to the method of forming same. Reference ismade to US. Patent 3,730,560 on which the present invention is animprovement. Many of the advantages of said patent also apply to thepresent invention.

One of the advantages of the present invention is the fact that the bookis compatible with standard book manufacture, but there are differencesin construction which make for a stronger and more durable book. One ofthese differences is the fact that the end sheets and theirreinforcement strips (when used) are locked under plastic retainingstrips which also lock the sheets of the book together. In conventionalbinding practice, the end sheets are generally not secured to the topand bottom signatures in a durable manner. Hence many bindings failwhere the end leaves are joined to the front and back covers of thecase. The present invention thus has considerable advantage over priorconstruction in that these areas are more securely reinforced.

More specifically, the end sheets of the present invention are lockedbeneath the plastic retaining strips in a manner such that they are notlikely to be pulled out when the binding is bent backwards. Theconstruction of some of the modifications of the invention hereinafterexplained in detail reduces any tendency of a leverage being exertedwhen the cover is bent backward which would tend to pull the end sheetsout of the retainer.

Another advantage of the present invention is the fact that the uncasedbook may be attached to the cover by applying adhesive to the end sheetsin a variety of ways and also to the reinforcements for the end sheets.The use of pressure-sensitive adhesive is permissible in accordance withthe present invention but is not essential to the practice of thepresent invention.

Another feature of the invention is the fact that in some of themodifications of the invention hereinafter described in detail, when thebook is opened, the covers lie flat with the spine.

Another advantage of the invention is the fact that conventional casesmay be used to cover the book or special cases having spine padsprovided with pressuresensitive adhesive may be used as is explained inUS. Pat. No. 3,730,560.

One of the advantages of the invention is reduction in the number of thefabricating operations required to bind an uncased book to a case. Laborrequired is materially reduced and the use of much existing binderyequipment is almost entirely eliminated. Steps of sew ing, glueing,beading and rounding, each of which normally requires specializedequipment, and further, the equipment required in casing in the uncasedbook are eliminated or reduced or greatly simplified by practice of thepresent invention.

Further, conventional binding practice requires utilization of largeareas of floor space since various parts which are ultimately assembledin the cased book are ordinarily spread out while glue dries and otherportions of the book are being completed and assembled.

Hence not only is the amount of labor and machinery reduced by thepresent invention, but even the floor space required in the bindery isreduced.

Conventional book binding practice collects the sheets of the book insignatures which are generally four sheets or multiples thereof foldedto page size and sewn and glued to a backing strip. Use of the foursheet and multiple signature limits the versatility of fabrication andmakes it well nigh impossible to insert or delete sheets once the makeupof the book has been commenced. In accordance with the presentinvention, since the sewing and glueing of signatures is eliminated, theindividual sheets forming the book may be made up and collated orotherwise assembled as required and changed from time to time as sheetsmay be added or deleted or altered.

Accordingly, the present invention makes printing more flexible sincethe formation of the book is not restricted to the four page technique.

Another feature of the invention is the fact that the use of skilledlabor is greatly reduced. Extensive training in order to practice thepresent invention is not required.

An important step in conventional book manufacture is the formation of abead between the hinge area of each cover and the spine cover. Such beadis desirable in order to facilitate opening of the book without breakingthe binding. A preferred form of the present invention automaticallyprovides a bead along each edge of the spine, said bead being shaped bythe plastic strips which extend along the top and bottom adjacent to thespine edge of the uncased book formed in accordance with the presentinvention. The casing material fits around the strips and thus forms thebead.

A still further feature of the invention is the location of a hinge areafor each cover which is so located that breaking of the binding ortearing of the end sheets from under the reinforcing strips is reduced.

Another feature of the invention is the fact that the binding isextremely flexible. When the book is open, a very deep gutter isachieved. Hence the page is opened flat and is legible as close to thespine as in conventional book construction.

Another feature of the foregoing advantage of the present invention isthe fact that since the book opens in a deeper gutter, any selected pagewill fit on the platen of a copying machine, lying Hat on the platenwithout danger of breaking the binding.

Other objects of the present invention will become apparent upon readingthe following specification and referring to the accompanying drawingsin which similar characters of reference represent corresponding partsin each of the several views.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of one form of book constructedin accordance with the present invention with parts broken away toreveal internal construction, the book being shown closed.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the structure of FIG. 1 with thebook open.

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of a modified book construction.

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view showing a preliminary stage inthe fabrication of a further modified book.

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view of still another step in thefabrication of the book of FIG. 4.

FIGS. 6 and 7 are fragmentary sectional views each illustratingadditional modifications of the invention.

Directing attention to the form of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,each sheet 21 making up the book is punched ordrilled with holes 22spaced inward from the spine margin of the sheet 21 a distanceapproximately one-eighth inch. The holes 22 may be formed in theprinting of the sheets 21 within the capacity of the press on which thesheets are printed or may be separately punched or drilled. End leaves23 similarly punched with holes 22 are placed on the top and bottom ofthe pile of sheets 21 making up the printed matter of the book. By meansand methods explained in detail in said U.S. Pat. No. 3,730,560, theuncased book 41 is bound by retaining means comprising two plasticstrips 26 and 29 formed of polyvinyl choride or other suitable plasticmaterial. Each strip is approximately one-fourth inch in width andonesixteenth inch in thickness and of a length approximately equal tothe length of sheets 21. At approximately 1 inch intervals, spaced alongthe length of first strip 26 and indented somewhat from the ends, arestuds 27 approximately three thirty-seconds inch in diameter. Secondstrips 29 are formed with holes 31 at intervals corresponding to studs27 and of a size to receive said studs. Holes 31 are formed withcounterbores 32 on one surface. By means and in accordance with themethod which forms no part of the present invention, the excess lengthsof studs 27 are cut off and the protruding ends of the studs aredeformed as by heat to fill the counterbores 32 and to form heads 33similar to rivets thereby locking the strips 26 and 29 on opposite sidesof the uncased book 41 with an end leaf 23 secured on either side of thelatter.

The case 46 to which the uncased book 41 is assembled is subject toconsiderable variation. Standard cases 46 may be used but considerablevariation may also be made therein. The case 46 illustrated in FIGS. 1and 2 has a covering 47 of cloth, plastic, natural or artificialleather, or other suitable book binding material. The material 47 is cutin a size sufficient to accommodate the page size and spine width of theuncased book 41 with overlaps to form top and bottom turn-ins 52 andouter side edge turn-ins (not shown).

Although not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, nevertheless, extendinglongitudinally of the material 47 at the center a strip 48 (see FIG. ofa resilient material such as plastic foam which is attached to theinside of covering 47 by an adhesive and which is of a length equal tothe height of the completed book and of a width at least equal to thespine thickness of the uncased book, may be used. At either side ofstrip 48, where used, and in any event extending longitudinally of thematerial 47 on either side are hinge forming areas 49 of a width to formthe completed bead 59 and crease 58 hereinafter described. Outboard ofareas 49 are cover boards 51 which conventionally are of cardboard andare of a dimension such as to project beyond the top, bottom and outsideedges of the sheets 21 so as to protect the uncased book 41 from damage,all as in accordance with conventional book binding practice. The boards51 are glued to the inside of covering 47 by adhesive 77 (see FIG. 6).Thereafter, the top and bottom turn-ins 52 are folded over and glued tothe insides of the boards 51 as are the edge turn-ins (not shown).

With further specific reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, it will be seen thatthe end leaves 23 have a tucked-in portion 36 which fits under eachplastic strip 26, 27. Instead of extending from portion 36 away from thespine edge of the book, the end leaf 23 has a folded portion 37 whichextends out from the spine edges of strip 26 or 29 along the hingeforming area 49. Spine adhesive 61 adheres the spine edge of the uncasedbook 41 to the spine covering 57 while adhesive 62 adheres the endleaves 23 to the insides of the cover boards 51 to complete the frontand back covers 56. There is a gap between the spine edge of each board51 and strip 26 or 29 which forms a crease 58 and immediately beyondcrease 58 towards the spine of the book is a bead 59. As indicated byreference numeral 64, there is a hinge area 64 where the covers 56 jointhe spine 57; and in the form of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,these hinge areas 64 are immediately outside the strips 26 and 29. Itwill be noted that when the covers are opened in the position shown inFIG. 2, the folded portions 37 extend out away from strips 26, 29,hinging about hinge area 64. Hence when the covers 56 are bentbackwards, there is no fulcrum against which leverage is applied whichtends to pull the tucked-in edges 36 of the end leaves 23 out from underthe strips 26, 29. Further, in open position, the covers 56 lie flat,parallel to the spine 57.

The modification of FIG. 3 resembles that of FIGS. 1 and 2 in manydetails. However, the end leaf 23a is reinforced by means ofreinforcement 66 which may be of gauze, other fabric, plastic sheet,paper or other suitable material. Reinforcement 66 is caught understrips 26a and 29a under the tucked-in portion 36a of end leaf 23a.Adhesive 67 adheres the reinforcement 66 to the tucked-in portion 36aand folded over portion 37a of end leaf 23a while adhesive 620 causesadherance of the outside surface of reinforcement 66 to the inside ofspine 57a, bead 59a and crease 58a. Reinforcement 66 terminates in anoutside edge 68 and outwardly of said edge 68 the end leaf 23a adheresto the insides of boards 51a by means of adhesive 62a.

In the modification of FIGS. 4 and 5, the major portion of end leaf 23bextends from under the strips 26b, 29b toward the open edge of theuncased book 41b while a rear extension 71 which is preferably integralwith end leaf 23b extends out from the spine edge of strip 29b. Adhesive72 on the outside surface of extension 71 adheres to the hinge formingarea 49b of case 46b and the extension 71 terminates at line 73immediately inward of the spine edge of board 51b. The major portion ofthe end leaf 23b is formed with a reverse bend fold 74 which adheres tothe inner edge and the top of strip 29b by means of adhesive 62b andalso to the inside surface of extension 71. In this form of theinvention, it is shown that a pad 48 may be caused to adhere to thespine edge of the uncased book 41b and also by means of adhesive 75 tothe inside of the spine covering 57 b.

The modification of FIG. 6 is similar to that of FIGS. 4 and 5, exceptthat in this version of the book the spine extension 71e is foldedaround the spine edge of strip 29:: and over the outside thereof andadhered thereto by means of adhesive 83 while the major portion of theend leaf 23:: projects from strip 29e in a direction opposite the spineedge of the uncased book 41e.

FIG. 7 illustrates a version of the invention similar to FIG. 6. In thisversion cover 51f is of a relatively stiff plastic or other suitablematerial. Most of its surface is uncovered. The covering 47f is only ashort extension of spine covering 57f and merely covers extension 71f.Extension 71f of end leaf 23f is located outside the cover Slfand iscaused to adhere thereto by means of adhesive 87. The extension 71fterminates at line 73f with only a short distance overlap of the cover51f.

In many of the details of construction, the elements of FIGS. 3, 4-5, 6and 7 resemble those of preceding modifications and the same referencenumerals followed by the subscripts a, b, e and f, respectively, areused to designate corresponding elements.

What is claimed is:

l. A cased book comprising an uncased book having a plurality of sheets,front and back end leaves on the outsides of said uncased book tocomprise front and back uncased book covers and binding means bindingsaid end leaves and sheets together so that said end leaves are securelybound to said sheets prior to assembly of said uncased book to a case,said binding means being located along the spine edge of said uncasedbook, and extending from the outside of one cover of said uncased book,through said end leaves and said sheets to the outside of the oppositecover of said uncased book, at least one portion of each said end leafextending outward of said binding means beyond said spine edge of saiduncased book away from said binding means, over the outside of saidbinding means, and over the outside of said book; a case for saiduncased book having front and back case covers and a spine cover betweensaid front and back case covers having flexible hinge areas at thejuncture of said spine cover with the spine margins of said case covers;and adhesive permanently attaching the outside of each said end leaf tothe inside of a corresponding case cover.

2. A book according to claim 1 which further comprises adhesivepermanently attaching the spine edge of said uncased book to said spinecover.

3. A book according to claim 1 which further comprises a spine strip ofresilient material extending longitudinally down the middle of saidspine cover, said spine strip adhering to said spine cover and secondadhesive permanently adhering the spine edge of said uncased book tosaid spine strip.

4. A book according to claim 1 in which said sheets and end leaves areformed with first apertures spaced slightly inward from said spine edgeof said uncased book and spaced apart at intervals along the length ofsaid spine edge of said uncased book and in which said binding meanscomprises a first narrow plastic strip overlying the spine edge of oneuncased book cover, a second narrow plastic strip overlying the spineedge of the uncased book cover opposite said first narrow plastic stripand a plurality of studs extending through said first apertures spacedat the same intervals as said first apertures, said studs being securedto both said strips.

5. A book according to claim 4 in which said spine cover extends aroundthe outsides of said strips and in which said front and back covers areformed with cover boards having their margins nearest the spine spacedfrom the adjacent edges of said strips and covering material on theoutside of said cover board joined to said spine cover; said spine coverbeing attached by said adhesive to each said end leaves in a creasebetween the spine edge of said board and the adjacent edge of saidstrip, there being a bead formed on said spine cover over the outside ofsaid strip.

6. A book according to claim 5 in which one said end leaf is interposedbetween the outside of said strip and said bead, whereby said book maybe opened with said spine cover flat on a supporting surface and saidcase covers and said end leaves extending out from said spine oversubstantially parallel to said supporting surface.

7. A book according to claim -4 in which a second portion of each saidend leaf extends out from under said binding means in a direction awayfrom said spine edge of said uncased book, said one portion and saidsecond portion of said end leaf being joined together at the end of saidfirst-mentioned portion remote from said binding means.

8. A book according to claim 7 in which said second portion extendsaround the edge of said binding strip opposite said spine edge and overthe outside of said strip, and second adhesive adheres said secondportion to the edge and outside of said binding strip.

9. A book according to claim 8 in which said first portion extendsaround the spine edge of said strip and over the outside of said stripand which further comprises adhesive causing adherence of said firstportion to said strip.

10. A book according to claim 9 in which each said cover has its spinemargin spaced away from said strip and covering material on the outsideof said cover is joined to said spine cover and in which said oneportion of said end leaf extends outside said cover and inside saidcovering material and which further comprises adhesive adhering theouter edge of said one portion to the outside of said cover and to theinside of said covering material.

11. A book according to claim 1 which further comprises for each side ofsaid book a band of reinforcing material, a portion of said band beingtucked under said end leaf and bound by said binding means into saiduncased book, said band extending outwardly of the spine edge of saiduncased book and around the outside of said end leaf as it extendsaround the outside of said binding means, said band being permanentlyadhered to said end leaf, said band terminating in a line spaced fromsaid spine edge of said uncased book toward the outside edge of saiduncased book.

12. An uncased book comprising a plurality of sheets, front and back endleaves on the outsides of said uncased book to comprise front and backuncased book covers and binding means binding said end leaves and sheetstogether so that said end leaves are securely bound to said sheets priorto assembly of said uncased book to a case, said binding means beinglocated along the spine edge of said uncased book and extending from theoutside of one cover of said uncased book through said end leaves andsaid sheets to the outside of the opposite cover of said uncased book,at least one portion of each said end leaf extending outward of saidbinding means beyond said spine edge of said uncased book away from saidbinding means, over the outside of said binding means, and over theoutside of said uncased book.

13. A book according to claim 12 in which said sheets and end leaves areformed with first apertures spaced slightly inward from said spine edgeof said uncased book and spaced apart at intervals along the length ofsaid spine edge of said uncased book and in which said binding meanscomprises a first narrow plastic strip overlying the spine edge of oneuncased book cover and formed with studs extending through said firstapertures, a second narrow plastic strip overlying the spine edge of theuncased book cover opposite said first narrow plastic strip and formedwith second apertures at the same intervals as said first apertures andreceiving said studs, said studs being secured to said second strip.

14. A book according to claim 13 in which a second portion of each saidend leaf extends out from under said binding means in a direction awayfrom said spine edge of said uncased book, said one portion and saidsecond portion of said end leaf being joined together at the end of saidfirst-mentioned portion remote from said binding means.

15. A book according to claim 14 in which said second portion extendsaround the edge of said binding strip opposite said spine edge and overthe outside of said strip, and second adhesive adheres said secondportion to the edge and outside of said binding strip.

16. A book according to claim 15 in which said first portion extendsaround the spine edge of said strip and over the outside of said stripand which further comprises adhesive causing adherence of said firstportion to said strip.

17. A book according to claim 12 which further comprises for each sideof said book a band of reinforcing material, a portion of said bandbeing tucked under said end leaf and bound by said binding means intosaid uncased book, said band extending outwardly of the spine edge ofsaid uncased book and around the outside of said end leaf as it extendsaround the outside of said binding means, said band being permanentlyadhered to said end leaf, said band terminating in a line spaced fromsaid spine edge of said uncased book toward the outside edge of saiduncased book.

1. A cased book comprising an uncased book having a plurality of sheets,front and back end leaVes on the outsides of said uncased book tocomprise front and back uncased book covers and binding means bindingsaid end leaves and sheets together so that said end leaves are securelybound to said sheets prior to assembly of said uncased book to a case,said binding means being located along the spine edge of said uncasedbook, and extending from the outside of one cover of said uncased book,through said end leaves and said sheets to the outside of the oppositecover of said uncased book, at least one portion of each said end leafextending outward of said binding means beyond said spine edge of saiduncased book away from said binding means, over the outside of saidbinding means, and over the outside of said book; a case for saiduncased book having front and back case covers and a spine cover betweensaid front and back case covers having flexible hinge areas at thejuncture of said spine cover with the spine margins of said case covers;and adhesive permanently attaching the outside of each said end leaf tothe inside of a corresponding case cover.
 2. A book according to claim 1which further comprises adhesive permanently attaching the spine edge ofsaid uncased book to said spine cover.
 3. A book according to claim 1which further comprises a spine strip of resilient material extendinglongitudinally down the middle of said spine cover, said spine stripadhering to said spine cover and second adhesive permanently adheringthe spine edge of said uncased book to said spine strip.
 4. A bookaccording to claim 1 in which said sheets and end leaves are formed withfirst apertures spaced slightly inward from said spine edge of saiduncased book and spaced apart at intervals along the length of saidspine edge of said uncased book and in which said binding meanscomprises a first narrow plastic strip overlying the spine edge of oneuncased book cover, a second narrow plastic strip overlying the spineedge of the uncased book cover opposite said first narrow plastic stripand a plurality of studs extending through said first apertures spacedat the same intervals as said first apertures, said studs being securedto both said strips.
 5. A book according to claim 4 in which said spinecover extends around the outsides of said strips and in which said frontand back covers are formed with cover boards having their marginsnearest the spine spaced from the adjacent edges of said strips andcovering material on the outside of said cover board joined to saidspine cover; said spine cover being attached by said adhesive to eachsaid end leaves in a crease between the spine edge of said board and theadjacent edge of said strip, there being a bead formed on said spinecover over the outside of said strip.
 6. A book according to claim 5 inwhich one said end leaf is interposed between the outside of said stripand said bead, whereby said book may be opened with said spine coverflat on a supporting surface and said case covers and said end leavesextending out from said spine over substantially parallel to saidsupporting surface.
 7. A book according to claim 4 in which a secondportion of each said end leaf extends out from under said binding meansin a direction away from said spine edge of said uncased book, said oneportion and said second portion of said end leaf being joined togetherat the end of said first-mentioned portion remote from said bindingmeans.
 8. A book according to claim 7 in which said second portionextends around the edge of said binding strip opposite said spine edgeand over the outside of said strip, and second adhesive adheres saidsecond portion to the edge and outside of said binding strip.
 9. A bookaccording to claim 8 in which said first portion extends around thespine edge of said strip and over the outside of said strip and whichfurther comprises adhesive causing adherence of said first portion tosaid strip.
 10. A book according to claim 9 in which each said cover hasits spine margin spaced away from said strip and coverinG material onthe outside of said cover is joined to said spine cover and in whichsaid one portion of said end leaf extends outside said cover and insidesaid covering material and which further comprises adhesive adhering theouter edge of said one portion to the outside of said cover and to theinside of said covering material.
 11. A book according to claim 1 whichfurther comprises for each side of said book a band of reinforcingmaterial, a portion of said band being tucked under said end leaf andbound by said binding means into said uncased book, said band extendingoutwardly of the spine edge of said uncased book and around the outsideof said end leaf as it extends around the outside of said binding means,said band being permanently adhered to said end leaf, said bandterminating in a line spaced from said spine edge of said uncased booktoward the outside edge of said uncased book.
 12. An uncased bookcomprising a plurality of sheets, front and back end leaves on theoutsides of said uncased book to comprise front and back uncased bookcovers and binding means binding said end leaves and sheets together sothat said end leaves are securely bound to said sheets prior to assemblyof said uncased book to a case, said binding means being located alongthe spine edge of said uncased book and extending from the outside ofone cover of said uncased book through said end leaves and said sheetsto the outside of the opposite cover of said uncased book, at least oneportion of each said end leaf extending outward of said binding meansbeyond said spine edge of said uncased book away from said bindingmeans, over the outside of said binding means, and over the outside ofsaid uncased book.
 13. A book according to claim 12 in which said sheetsand end leaves are formed with first apertures spaced slightly inwardfrom said spine edge of said uncased book and spaced apart at intervalsalong the length of said spine edge of said uncased book and in whichsaid binding means comprises a first narrow plastic strip overlying thespine edge of one uncased book cover and formed with studs extendingthrough said first apertures, a second narrow plastic strip overlyingthe spine edge of the uncased book cover opposite said first narrowplastic strip and formed with second apertures at the same intervals assaid first apertures and receiving said studs, said studs being securedto said second strip.
 14. A book according to claim 13 in which a secondportion of each said end leaf extends out from under said binding meansin a direction away from said spine edge of said uncased book, said oneportion and said second portion of said end leaf being joined togetherat the end of said first-mentioned portion remote from said bindingmeans.
 15. A book according to claim 14 in which said second portionextends around the edge of said binding strip opposite said spine edgeand over the outside of said strip, and second adhesive adheres saidsecond portion to the edge and outside of said binding strip.
 16. A bookaccording to claim 15 in which said first portion extends around thespine edge of said strip and over the outside of said strip and whichfurther comprises adhesive causing adherence of said first portion tosaid strip.
 17. A book according to claim 12 which further comprises foreach side of said book a band of reinforcing material, a portion of saidband being tucked under said end leaf and bound by said binding meansinto said uncased book, said band extending outwardly of the spine edgeof said uncased book and around the outside of said end leaf as itextends around the outside of said binding means, said band beingpermanently adhered to said end leaf, said band terminating in a linespaced from said spine edge of said uncased book toward the outside edgeof said uncased book.